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    //-->FirstStepsinAcademic WritingSECOND EDITIONAnn Hogue••••••.....!'W.First Steps in Academic Writing, Second EditionCopyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced.storedin a retrieval system,or transmittedin any form or by any means. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,without the prior permission of the publisher.Pearson Education, 10 Bank Street, White Plains, NY 10606Staff credits: The people who made up theFirst Steps in Academic Writingteam, representing editorial,production, design, and manufacturing, are: Rhea Banker, Wendy Campbell, ElizabethCarlson, Gina DiLillo, Christine Edmonds, Laura Le Drean, Linda Moser, Edith Pullman, andKathleen Silloway.Cover design: Jill LehanCover images: Egyptian hieroglyphics, close-up by Neil Beer. Getty Images.Text composition: IntegraText font: 12/13.5 TimesIDustrator credits: Steve Attoe (pp. 60, 65, 91, 137); Suzanne Mogensen (pp. 73, 85, 98, 106); Jill Wood (pp. 3, 38, 44, 48, 95, 96, 97)Text credits: p. 166, "Kilt-wearing teen seeks dress code change: Principal sparks debate after telling student to wear pants at schooldance." Used with permission of The Associated Press Copyright 2006. All rights reserved.Photo credits: p. 1 Doug Menuez/Getty Images; p. 18 © David Turnley/Corbis;p.24 © Bettmann/Corbis; p.33Arthur Tilley/GettyImages; p. 55© Burke/Triolo Productions/Brand X/Corbis; p. 68 ©Visions of America, LLC/Alamy;p.94 ©Visions of America,LLC/Alamy; p. 102 JG Photography/Alamy; p.121 Jack Hollingsworth/Getty Images; p. 124 ©Andy Rouse/Corbis; p. 126 ©Marvin Koner/Corbis; p. 128 (top) Transtock Inc./Alamy, (bottom) Motoring Picture Library/Aiamy;p.145 Mark Boulton/Aiamy;p.147APImages;p.156 Ian Shaw/Alamy;p.166M Stock/AlamyLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataHogue, Ann.First steps in academic writingIAnn Hogue. - 2nd ed.p.em.Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN Q-13-241488-0 (student book: alk. paper)- ISBN 0-13-241490-2 (answer key:alk. paper)I. English language-Rhetoric. 2. Academic writing.I.Title.PE1478.H57 2007808'.042-dc222007022180LONGMAN ON THE WEBPeanonlongman.comoffers onlineresources for teachers and students. Accessour Companion Websites, our online catalog,and our local offices around the world.Visit us atPeanonlongman.com.Printedinthe United States of America4 56 7 8 9 10-VHG-11 10 09 08ContentsPreface...........................................................v11Chapter lIntroducing People. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .l2224566710121316181920232527282830303031What Is Academic Writing? . . . . ... . . ... . . ... . . . . . .... .. . . . . ..... . ... ....Chapter Preview. .. ... .. . ... ...... ... ... .. . . . . . ... ...... . . . .. . ..... . . . .. .Prewriting Activity: Asking Questions and Taking Notes.... . .... . . . . . . .. ... ..Part 1: OrganizationWhat Is a Paragraph? . ......... .... ... . ... . .... ... . .. . . ... . . .... .... . ..Model: What Is a Paragraph?Mrs. Robinson.. ... ....... . . ... ..... ... . .. .. .Paragraph Form... . .... . ... . .. . .. .. ... . . . . ....... .. ....... .... . ... . . .Model: Handwritten AssignmentMyClassmate.............................Model: Computer-Written AssignmentMyClassmate.. ... ............. ......Part 2: Grammar and CapitalizationWhat Is a Sentence? .......................................·.... .. . . ... .Command Sentences.... . . . . . . . . ............. .. . ... . . ... ... .. ... ..Subjects, Verbs, and Objects .... ..... . .... ..... .. . .. .. .. ... .. .. . . . . . ... .Capitalization: Six Rules. . ... . . .. .. .... . ...... .. . .. . . ... .. . .. .. ..... .. .Journal Writing.. .. ..... . .. .. .. . . .. .. .. ...... . . ... .. . ....... ...... . . . .Model: Journal Entry. . ... . . . .... ..... . ...... .. . ..... .. ....... .. .. .. ...Part 3: Sentence StructureSimple Sentences . ... . . ... . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . .... ..... . . ... . ... .. .. . . .Connecting Words:and, or.............................................Sentence Combining. . .... . . ... . . . . . .. .. . ..... . . .... .. . . . . . ... ... . . . . .Part 4: WritingReview Questions. ... . .... . ... .............. ... .... . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .....The Writing Process... .. . . ..... ... .... ..... .. .. .. . . . .... .. ..... . . . .. ..Step 1: Prewrite to get ideas-freewriting...... ......... .. ... ... .... . ..Step 2: Write the first draft. . . . .... . ... . .... .. ...... ....... . .. ... ....Step 3: Edit the first draft. . . . ... ...... .... ... . ... .... .. . ... . ... ... . .Step 4: Write the final copy. . . . . . . . . ..... .. . . . ... . . .... . ... . ..... . . .Writing Assignment ...... . . ...... ... . . . . .. .. . .... . . .. . . . .... .. .. .. . . . .Chapter 2listing-Order Paragraphs.......................333434353536Chapter Preview.. .. .. ............ . ... ... ..... .... ... . . ... ... .... . ... . .. .Prewriting Activity: Clustering .. .. .... ...... ........ . . ... ....... ... .....Clustering . . ... .. .. . ... . ... . ... ... . . ...... .... ...... . ... . . . . . .... . .. .Model: Clustering1 .. .. . .. . ... ..... . . ... . . .. . ... .. . . . . .... . . . . ... ... . .Model: Clustering 2 . . ...... .. . ... ... .. ..... . ... .. ... . .. . . . . . ... ... . .. .ContentsPart1:OrganizationListing-Order Paragraphs .. . . . . . .... .. .. . ...... .... . .. ....... . ......... .Model: Listing-Order ParagraphFlight Attendants.. . . ... . . ... . ... ... .... . . . .The Three Parts ofaParagraph... ... . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . .. . ........ . . .. . .. .The Topic Sentence ... .. . ..... . ... . . . ... ......... . . . ... . .. ..... ...Listing-Order Transition Signals. . .. . ...... . .... ...... .... . ..... ... .ParagraphUnity. .. .. ... .. .. .... .. .. . .. . . ... .... ..... .. .. . . ... . ..The Concluding Sentence. . . ... .. ... . ..... .... ....... . . . .. .. . .. . ...Outlining .. ... . .. .. . .... . . .... .. . ... . ... ....... .. . .. .. . . . ... .... . . . .Model: Simple OutlineFlight Attendants... .... . . .. ... . . . . .. . ....... . .. . . .373738384546485151Part 2: Sentence StructureCompound Sentences ... ..... .... . . . . . . .. .. . ...... . . . ... . ... . . . . . . ..... 53Coordinating Conjunctions:and, but,or,so.......... . . . .... .... ... ....56Two Sentence Errors: Run-ons and Comma Splices.... . . ... ... . . . . .... . . .. .. 59Part 3: WritingReview Questions...... . .. .. . ..... . . ... .. . .. . .. . .... .. ........ ....... .63Writing Assignment . ...... .. .. ... ... ........ . . . ... . .. . . .. .. . .. . . ... . . . 64Chapter 3Givinglnstructions............................65Chapter Preview. . . ... ...... .... .. .......... . . ... . .. . .. . . .. .......... . . . .66Prewriting Activity: Listing . . . . . .. .. .. ... ... ... . . .. . . ...... . . .. . .. . .... . 66Part 1: Organization"HowTo" Paragraphs . . . ... . . . . . . . .. .. . ..... .. . . ..... ... . . ... . ..... . ...Model:"HowTo" ParagraphHow to HaveaSuccessful Garage Sale... .... .. . ..Topic and Concluding Sentences for"HowTo" Paragraphs .... . . .........Time-Order Signals. . . .... . . .. .. ....... .. ... . . . .. .... . . .. . ........Listing and Outlining. ..... . . . . .... .. .......... . ... .. .... ... . ...... . . ..Model: Listing . . . . ... . .... . .. . . .... .. . .. . . . ... ... . . ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . .Model: Edited List... ...... . ........ . . ... ..... . .. . ..... . ... . . . . . ... . . .Model: Simple Outline .... . .... . .. . . . . ... .... . .. .. . .. ... .. . .. .. ....... .67686970747475757677798283Part 2: Sentence StructureIndependentand Dependent Clauses ......................................Adverb Subordinators.. . .. .. . . . ... . .. . .. . ..... .. ... .. . . . .. . . ... . ..Complex Sentences . . .. .. . .. . . .. . . . .... . ......... ...... .. ... ..... .. . . .Sentence Errors: Fragments.............................................Summary: Three Types of Sentences. . .... .. .. ....... . .. . ...... . ...... . . ..Part 3: Capitalization and PunctuationCapitalization: Four More Rules. ........ . . ... ...... . ..... .. ... . . ..... . ..86Commas: Four Rules ..... . . . . . ... ....... .... .. ... ..... . .. .. .. . ...... . . 89Part 4: WritingReview Questions.... .. ...... . ..... . ... . ..... ..... .. ... . .. ... . . ... ... .92Writing Assignment..... ... ... ...... . . . . .. .. . . . ... . ... . . ..... ... .... . .93 [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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