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    "Annabel Lee" is the last complete poem composed by American author . Like many of Poe's poems, it explores the theme of the death of a beautiful woman. The narrator, who fell in love with Annabel Lee when they were young, has a love for her so strong that even angels are jealous. He retains his love for her even after her death. There has been debate over who, if anyone, was the inspiration for "Annabel Lee". Though many women have been suggested, Poe's wife  is one of the more credible candidates. Written in 1849, it was not published until shortly after Poe's death that same year.

    Synopsis

    The poem's narrator describes his love for Annabel Lee, which began many years ago in a so-called "kingdom by the sea". Though they were young, their love for one another burned with such an intensity that angels became jealous. It is for that reason that the narrator believes the seraphs, which are three-winged angels, caused her death. Even so, their love is strong enough that it extends beyond the grave and the narrator believes their two souls are still entwined. Every night, he dreams of Annabel Lee and sees the brightness/sparkle of her eyes in the stars. He admits that every night he lies down by her side in her tomb by the sea.

    Analysis

    Like many other Poe poems including "", "", and "", "Annabel Lee" follows Poe's favorite theme: the death of a beautiful woman, which Poe called "the most poetical topic in the world". Also like women in many other works by Poe, she is struck with illness and marries young. The poem focuses on an ideal love which is unusually strong. In fact, the narrator's actions show that he not only loves Annabel Lee, but he worships her, something he can only do after her death. The narrator admits that he and Annabel Lee were both children when they fell in love, but his explanation that angels murdered her is in itself childish, suggesting he has not grown up much since then. His repetition of this assertion suggests he is trying to rationalize his own excessive feelings of loss.

    Unlike "The Raven", in which the narrator believes he will "nevermore" be reunited with his love, "Annabel Lee" says the two will be together again, as not even demons "can ever dissever" their souls.

    The poem has been described containing "shades of ."

    Poetic structure

    "Annabel Lee" consists of six , three with six lines, one with seven, and two with eight, with the  pattern differing slightly in each one. Though it is not technically a , Poe referred to it as one. Like a ballad, the poem utilizes repetition of words and phrases purposely to create its mournful effect. The name Annabel Lee emphasizes the letter "", a frequent device in Poe's female characters such as "", "", and "".

    There is debate on the last line of the poem. The Edgar Allan Poe Society of  has identified 11 different versions of the poem that were published between 1849 and 1850. However, the biggest variation is in the final line:

    Original manuscript – In her tomb by the side of the sea

    Alternative version – In her tomb by the sounding sea

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Annabel Lee

    It was many and many a year ago,

    In a kingdom by the sea,

    That a maiden there lived whom you may know

    By the name of ANNABEL LEE;

    And this maiden she lived with no other thought

    Than to love and be loved by me.

     

    I was a child and she was a child,

    In this kingdom by the sea;

    But we loved with a love that was more than love-

    I and my Annabel Lee;

    With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven

    Coveted her and me.

     

    And this was the reason that, long ago,

    In this kingdom by the sea,

    A wind blew out of a cloud, chilling

    My beautiful Annabel Lee;

    So that her highborn kinsman came

    And bore her away from me,

    To shut her up in a sepulchre

    In this kingdom by the sea.

     

    The angels, not half so happy in heaven,

    Went envying her and me-

    Yes!- that was the reason (as all men know,

    In this kingdom by the sea)

    That the wind came out of the cloud by night,

    Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.

     

    But our love it was stronger by far than the love

    Of those who were older than we-

    Of many far wiser than we-

    And neither the angels in heaven above,

    Nor the demons down under the sea,

    Can ever dissever my soul from the soul

    Of the beautiful Annabel Lee.

     

    For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams

    Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;

    And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes

    Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;

    And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side

    Of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride,

    In the sepulchre there by the sea,

    In her tomb by the sounding sea.

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