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    //-->tripleC 9(1): 77-92, 2011ISSN 1726-670Xhttp://www.triple-c.atInformation – is it Subjective or Objective?Andrzej S. ZaliwskiInstitute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research InstituteCzartoryskich 824-100 Puławy PolandAbstract:The article deals first with the problems of defining information. It is concluded that it is a misunderstanding totake a term and then to look for a definition. Rather a different way ought to be taken: to find the phenomenon first and thenassign a name to it. The view that information is the same thing as a structure is considered. Then the processes by whichinformation is created are analyzed. The definition that information is detected difference is closely scrutinized and it isfound that information can also be detected sameness. It is argued that information is relative to the observer and for thevery reason of the way it is created it is subjective. That extends only to information acquired. The existence of subjectiveinformation, however, does not prove information cannot exist objectively.Keywords:information, theory, ontological category, definition, acquisition, processingAcknowledgement:The article springs from a further development of theoretical deliberations undertaken in order toanalyze certain concrete information issues encountered within the project “Advisory systems in sustainable plantproduction”. The project is part of the five-year program “Shaping the Polish Agricultural Environment and SustainableDevelopment of Agricultural Production”, financed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Republic ofPoland.For thosewho want to learn something on the notion of information there are some in-depthsources covering the origin of the term and its history, e.g. Capurro (2009) or Błasiak and Koszowy(2010). However, persons looking for a definition of information will be baffled if not discouraged bythe sheer number of different definitions existing side by side in the literature. Samples of thisvariety can be found e.g. in Kowalczyk (1981), Flückiger (1995), Floridi (2004), Michałowski (2007),Zins (2007),Łapiński(2008), Bates (2010), Burgin (2010) and Lenski (2010). A. M. Schrader(1983) found about 700 information definitions in the context of information science alone (as citedin Lenski, 2010, p. 108). The total number of definitions to be found in the relevant literaturesources can possibly be really impressive. What may be the cause of this cornucopia?Mazur (1970, p. 14) explains the way concepts are defined in science in this way:a) first a research problem is analyzed,b) than relevant concepts are defined,c) after that a convenient term is selected for each definition.Perhaps this could account for the number of definitions - research problems that take informationinto account are innumerable.Some authors try to introduce order to this terminological chaos by developing classifications ofinformation notions and definitions. A rather exhausting one was presented in D. Nafría (2010). Heenumerated three approaches to information depending on how it is viewed: dimensional(syntactical, semantic, pragmatic, etc. dimensions), domain-specific (stemming from the scientificdiscipline within which it was developed) and ontological-epistemological (taking into account theontological and epistemological categories involved).Another way is to try to investigate the matter in depth in order to find some fundamentalconcept of information applicable to all situations. This means undertaking efforts to elaborate ‘agrand unified theory of information’, as L. Floridi (2004, p. 563) put it. In fact efforts of that kindCC: Creative Commons License, 2011.ERROR: undefinedresourceOFFENDING COMMAND: findresourceSTACK:/0/CSA/0/CSA-mark- [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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